bó博ài爱zhī之wèi谓rén仁　，xíng行ér而yí宜zhī之zhī之wèi谓yì义　，yóu由shì是ér而zhī之yān焉zhī之wèi谓dào道　，zú足hū乎jǐ己wú无dài待yú于wài外zhī之wèi谓dé德　。rén仁yǔ与yì义wéi为dìng定míng名　，dào道yǔ与dé德wéi为xū虚wèi位　。gù故dào道yǒu有jūn君zǐ子xiǎo小rén人　，ér而dé德yǒu有xiōng凶yǒu有jí吉　。lǎo老zǐ子zhī之xiǎo小rén仁yì义　，fēi非huǐ毁zhī之yě也　，qí其jiàn见zhě者xiǎo小yě也　。zuò坐jǐng井ér而guān观tiān天　，yuē曰tiān天xiǎo小zhě者　，fēi非tiān天xiǎo小yě也　。bǐ彼yǐ以xù煦xù煦wéi为rén仁　，jié孑jié孑wéi为yì义　，qí其xiǎo小zhī之yě也zé则yí宜　。qí其suǒ所wèi谓dào道　，dào道qí其suǒ所dào道　，fēi非wú吾suǒ所wèi谓dào道yě也　。qí其suǒ所wèi谓dé德　，dé德qí其suǒ所dé德　，fēi非wú吾suǒ所wèi谓dé德yě也　。fán凡wú吾suǒ所wèi谓dào道dé德yún云zhě者　，hé合rén仁yǔ与yì义yán言zhī之yě也　，tiān天xià下zhī之gōng公yán言yě也　。lǎo老zǐ子zhī之suǒ所wèi谓dào道dé德yún云zhě者　，qù去rén仁yǔ与yì义yán言zhī之yě也　，yì一rén人zhī之sī私yán言yě也　。

　　　　zhōu周dào道shuāi衰　，kǒng孔zǐ子mò没　，huǒ火yú于qín秦　，huáng黄lǎo老yú于hàn汉　，fó佛yú于jìn晋　、wèi魏　、liáng梁　、suí隋zhī之jiān间　。qí其yán言dào道dé德rén仁yì义zhě者　，bú不rù入yú于yáng杨　，zé则guī归yú于mò墨　；bú不rù入yú于lǎo老　，zé则guī归yú于fó佛　。rù入yú于bǐ彼　，bì必chū出yú于cǐ此　。rù入zhě者zhǔ主zhī之　，chū出zhě者nú奴zhī之　；rù入zhě者fù附zhī之　，chū出zhě者wū污zhī之　。yī噫　！hòu后zhī之rén人qí其yù欲wén闻rén仁yì义dào道dé德zhī之shuō说　，shú孰cóng从ér而tīng听zhī之　？lǎo老zhě者yuē曰　：　“kǒng孔zǐ子　，wú吾shī师zhī之dì弟zǐ子yě也　。　”fó佛zhě者yuē曰　：　“kǒng孔zǐ子　，wú吾shī师zhī之dì弟zǐ子yě也　。　”wéi为kǒng孔zǐ子zhě者　，xí习wén闻qí其shuō说　，lè乐qí其dàn诞ér而zì自xiǎo小yě也　，yì亦yuē曰　“wú吾shī师yì亦cháng尝shī师zhī之　”yún云ěr尔　。bù不wéi惟jǔ举zhī之yú于kǒu口　，ér而yòu又bǐ笔zhī之yú于qí其shū书　。yī噫　！hòu后zhī之rén人suī虽yù欲wén闻rén仁yì义dào道dé德zhī之shuō说　，qí其shú孰cóng从ér而qiú求zhī之　？

　　　　shèn甚yǐ矣　，rén人zhī之hào好guài怪yě也　，bù不qiú求qí其duān端　，bú不xùn讯qí其mò末　，wéi惟guài怪zhī之yù欲wén闻　。gǔ古zhī之wéi为mín民zhě者sì四　，jīn今zhī之wéi为mín民zhě者liù六　。gǔ古zhī之jiào教zhě者chǔ处qí其yī一　，jīn今zhī之jiào教zhě者chǔ处qí其sān三　。nóng农zhī之jiā家yī一　，ér而shí食sù粟zhī之jiā家liù六　。gōng工zhī之jiā家yī一　，ér而yòng用qì器zhī之jiā家liù六　。gǔ贾zhī之jiā家yī一　，ér而zī资yān焉zhī之jiā家liù六　。nài奈zhī之hé何mín民bù不qióng穷qiě且dào盗yě也　？

　　　　gǔ古zhī之shí时　，rén人zhī之hài害duō多yǐ矣　。yǒu有shèng圣rén人zhě者lì立　，rán然hòu后jiào教zhī之yǐ以xiāng相shēng生xiāng相yǎng养zhī之dào道　。wéi为zhī之jūn君　，wéi为zhī之shī师　。qū驱qí其chóng虫shé蛇qín禽shòu兽　，ér而chǔ处zhī之zhōng中tǔ土　。hán寒rán然hòu后wéi为zhī之yī衣　，jī饥rán然hòu后wéi为zhī之shí食　。mù木chǔ处ér而diān颠　，tǔ土chǔ处ér而bìng病yě也　，rán然hòu后wéi为zhī之gōng宫shì室　。wéi为zhī之gōng工yǐ以shàn赡qí其qì器yòng用　，wéi为zhī之gǔ贾yǐ以tōng通qí其yǒu有wú无　，wéi为zhī之yī医yào药yǐ以jì济qí其yāo夭sǐ死　，wéi为zhī之zàng葬mái埋jì祭sì祀yǐ以zhǎng长qí其ēn恩ài爱　，wéi为zhī之lǐ礼yǐ以cì次qí其xiān先hòu后　，wéi为zhī之lè乐yǐ以xuān宣qí其yān湮yù郁　，wéi为zhī之zhèng政yǐ以shuài率qí其dài怠juàn倦　，wéi为zhī之xíng刑yǐ以chú锄qí其qiáng强gěng梗　。xiāng相qī欺yě也　，wéi为zhī之fú符　、xǐ玺　、dǒu斗hú斛　、quán权héng衡yǐ以xìn信zhī之　。xiāng相duó夺yě也　，wéi为zhī之chéng城guō郭jiǎ甲bīng兵yǐ以shǒu守zhī之　。hài害zhì至ér而wéi为zhī之bèi备　，huàn患shēng生ér而wéi为zhī之fáng防　。jīn今qí其yán言yuē曰　：　“shèng圣rén人bù不sǐ死　，dà大dào盗bù不zhǐ止　。pōu剖dǒu斗zhé折héng衡　，ér而mín民bù不zhēng争　。　”wū呜hū呼　！qí其yì亦bù不sī思ér而yǐ已yǐ矣　。rú如gǔ古zhī之wú无shèng圣rén人　，rén人zhī之lèi类miè灭jiǔ久yǐ矣　。hé何yě也　？wú无yǔ羽máo毛lín鳞jiè介yǐ以jū居hán寒rè热yě也　，wú无zhǎo爪yá牙yǐ以zhēng争shí食yě也　。

　　　　shì是gù故jūn君zhě者　，chū出lìng令zhě者yě也　；chén臣zhě者　，xíng行jūn君zhī之lìng令ér而zhì致zhī之mín民zhě者yě也　；mín民zhě者　，chū出sù粟mǐ米má麻sī丝　，zuò作qì器mǐn皿　，tōng通huò货cái财　，yǐ以shì事qí其shàng上zhě者yě也　。jūn君bù不chū出lìng令　，zé则shī失qí其suǒ所yǐ以wéi为jūn君　；chén臣bù不xíng行jūn君zhī之lìng令ér而zhì致zhī之mín民　，zé则shī失qí其suǒ所yǐ以wéi为chén臣　；mín民bù不chū出sù粟mǐ米má麻sī丝　，zuò作qì器mǐn皿　，tōng通huò货cái财　，yǐ以shì事qí其shàng上　，zé则zhū诛　。jīn今qí其fǎ法yuē曰　，bì必qì弃ér而jūn君chén臣　，qù去ér而fù父zǐ子　，jìn禁ér而xiāng相shēng生xiāng相yǎng养zhī之dào道　，yǐ以qiú求qí其suǒ所wèi谓qīng清jìng净jì寂miè灭zhě者　。wū呜hū呼　！qí其yì亦xìng幸ér而chū出yú于sān三dài代zhī之hòu后　，bú不jiàn见chù黜yú于yǔ禹　、tāng汤　、wén文　、wǔ武　、zhōu周gōng公　、kǒng孔zǐ子yě也　。qí其yì亦bú不xìng幸ér而bù不chū出yú于sān三dài代zhī之qián前　，bú不jiàn见zhèng正yú于yǔ禹　、tāng汤　、wén文　、wǔ武　、zhōu周gōng公　、kǒng孔zǐ子yě也　。

　　　　dì帝zhī之yǔ与wáng王　，qí其hào号suī虽shū殊　，qí其suǒ所yǐ以wéi为shèng圣yī一yě也　。xià夏gě葛ér而dōng冬qiú裘　，kě渴yǐn饮ér而jī饥shí食　，qí其shì事suī虽shū殊　，qí其suǒ所yǐ以wéi为zhì智yī一yě也　。jīn今qí其yán言yuē曰　：　“hé曷bù不wéi为tài太gǔ古zhī之wú无shì事　”　？　”shì是yì亦zé责dōng冬zhī之qiú裘zhě者yuē曰　：　“hé曷bù不wéi为gě葛zhī之zhī之yì易yě也　？　”zé责jī饥zhī之shí食zhě者yuē曰　：　“hé曷bù不wéi为yǐn饮zhī之zhī之yì易yě也　？　”zhuàn传yuē曰　：　“gǔ古zhī之yù欲míng明míng明dé德yú于tiān天xià下zhě者　，xiān先zhì治qí其guó国　；yù欲zhì治qí其guó国zhě者　，xiān先qí齐qí其jiā家　；yù欲qí齐qí其jiā家zhě者　，xiān先xiū修qí其shēn身　；yù欲xiū修qí其shēn身zhě者　，xiān先zhèng正qí其xīn心　；yù欲zhèng正qí其xīn心zhě者　，xiān先chéng诚qí其yì意　。　”rán然zé则gǔ古zhī之suǒ所wèi谓zhèng正xīn心ér而chéng诚yì意zhě者　，jiāng将yǐ以yǒu有wéi为yě也　。jīn今yě也yù欲zhì治qí其xīn心ér而wài外tiān天xià下guó国jiā家　，miè灭qí其tiān天cháng常　，zǐ子yān焉ér而bú不fù父qí其fù父　，chén臣yān焉ér而bù不jūn君qí其jūn君　，mín民yān焉ér而bú不shì事qí其shì事　。kǒng孔zǐ子zhī之zuò作　《chūn春qiū秋　》yě也　，zhū诸hóu侯yòng用yí夷lǐ礼zé则yí夷zhī之　，jìn进yú于zhōng中guó国zé则zhōng中guó国zhī之　。jīng经yuē曰　：　“yí夷dí狄zhī之yǒu有jūn君　，bù不rú如zhū诸xià夏zhī之wú亡　。　”　《shī诗　》yuē曰　：　“róng戎dí狄shì是yīng膺　，jīng荆shū舒shì是chéng惩　。　”jīn今yě也jǔ举yí夷dí狄zhī之fǎ法　，ér而jiā加zhī之xiān先wáng王zhī之jiào教zhī之shàng上　，jī几hé何qí其bù不xū胥ér而wéi为yí夷yě也　？

　　　　fú夫suǒ所wèi谓xiān先wáng王zhī之jiào教zhě者　，hé何yě也　？bó博ài爱zhī之wèi谓rén仁　，xíng行ér而yí宜zhī之zhī之wèi谓yì义　。yóu由shì是ér而zhī之yān焉zhī之wèi谓dào道　。zú足hū乎jǐ己wú无dài待yú于wài外zhī之wèi谓dé德　。qí其wén文　：　《shī诗　》　、　《shū书　》　、　《yì易　》　、　《chūn春qiū秋　》　；qí其fǎ法　：lǐ礼　、lè乐　、xíng刑　、zhèng政　；qí其mín民　：shì士　、nóng农　、gōng工　、gǔ贾　；qí其wèi位　：jūn君chén臣　、fù父zǐ子　、shī师yǒu友　、bīn宾zhǔ主　、kūn昆dì弟　、fú夫fù妇　；qí其fú服　：má麻　、sī丝　；qí其jū居　：gōng宫　、shì室　；qí其shí食　：sù粟mǐ米　、guǒ果shū蔬　、yú鱼ròu肉　。qí其wéi为dào道yì易míng明　，ér而qí其wéi为jiào教yì易xíng行yě也　。shì是gù故yǐ以zhī之wéi为jǐ己　，zé则shùn顺ér而xiáng祥　；yǐ以zhī之wéi为rén人　，zé则ài爱ér而gōng公　；yǐ以zhī之wéi为xīn心　，zé则hé和ér而píng平　；yǐ以zhī之wéi为tiān天xià下guó国jiā家　，wú无suǒ所chǔ处ér而bú不dàng当　。shì是gù故shēng生zé则dé得qí其qíng情　，sǐ死zé则jìn尽qí其cháng常　。xiào效yān焉ér而tiān天shén神gé假　，miào庙yān焉ér而rén人guǐ鬼xiǎng飨　。yuē曰　：　“sī斯dào道yě也　，hé何dào道yě也　？　”yuē曰　：　“sī斯wú吾suǒ所wèi谓dào道yě也　，fēi非xiàng向suǒ所wèi谓lǎo老yǔ与fó佛zhī之dào道yě也　。yáo尧yǐ以shì是zhuàn传zhī之shùn舜　，shùn舜yǐ以shì是zhuàn传zhī之yǔ禹　，yǔ禹yǐ以shì是zhuàn传zhī之tāng汤　，tāng汤yǐ以shì是zhuàn传zhī之wén文　、wǔ武　、zhōu周gōng公　，wén文　、wǔ武　、zhōu周gōng公zhuàn传zhī之kǒng孔zǐ子　，kǒng孔zǐ子zhuàn传zhī之mèng孟kē轲　，kē轲zhī之sǐ死　，bù不dé得qí其zhuàn传yān焉　。xún荀yǔ与yáng扬yě也　，zé择yān焉ér而bù不jīng精　，yǔ语yān焉ér而bù不xiáng详　。yóu由zhōu周gōng公ér而shàng上　，shàng上ér而wéi为jūn君　，gù故qí其shì事xíng行　。yóu由zhōu周gōng公ér而xià下　，xià下ér而wéi为chén臣　，gù故qí其shuō说zhǎng长　。rán然zé则rú如zhī之hé何ér而kě可yě也　？yuē曰　：　“bú不sè塞bù不liú流　，bú不zhǐ止bù不xíng行　。rén人qí其rén人　，huǒ火qí其shū书　，lú庐qí其jū居　。míng明xiān先wáng王zhī之dào道yǐ以dào道zhī之　，guān鳏guǎ寡gū孤dú独fèi废jí疾zhě者yǒu有yǎng养yě也　。qí其yì亦shù庶hū乎qí其kě可yě也　！　”